一、辅音字母的读音规则1.c在字母e,i,y前读/s/,如cell,city,cyst;其余情况下读/K/,如cat,club,code.2.g在字母e,i,y前读//,如gene,gin,gym;其余情况下读/g/,如beg,golf,game.3.s多数情况下读/s/,如six,desk,yes;有时读/z/,如is,his,visit(读/z/时可下画一条横线)。4.x处于两元音字母之间,且其后元音重读时,读/gz/,如exist;其余情况下读/ks/,如six,next,excuse.5.q读/k/,如Irq,NASDAQ(股票名);常与字母u用在一起,qu读/kw/,如quick,question.附:英语音标元音单元音:i:ieuɑ::u::双元音:eiaiiuauieu辅音浊辅音:bdgvzdzmnlrjw请辅音:ptkfθstsh二、辅音字母组合的读音规则1.ch,tch读//,如China,much;catch,match2.ph,gh读/f/,如photo,phone3.sh读//,如shape,she,short,fish4.th多数情况下读/θ/,如three,third但有时读//,如that,than,with.(读//时可下画一线).5.wh在字母o前读/h/,如who,whom,whose(其中的字母o读/u:/);其余情况下读/w/,如which,when,why.6.dg,dj读//,如judge,lodging;adjust,adjective.7.n在和字母g构成字母组合时,以及处于读/g/或/k/的字母前(如c,g,k等)读//。如long,thing,length;uncle,zinc;angry,finger;drink,think,thank.8.gu在元音前读/g/,如guess,guide,guest;在字母n后读/gw/,如language,distinguish,linguist.字母n因为处于/g/音前而读//.9.两个读同一个音的字母并列时,只读一个,如little,miss,hill,hobby;clock,neck,black;scene,science,scythe,excite,except;according,accuse,occur.三、元音字母在重读音节中的读音规则英语中有四类重读音节:闭音节,开音节,r音节,re音节。1.闭音节指以辅音字母结尾的音节。元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u在重读闭音节中分别读///e//i/////,如hand,help,lip,gym,hot,club.2.开音节指以元音字母、‘元音字母+哑e’或‘一个辅音字母+哑e’结尾的音节。后者也叫约定开音节.元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u在重读开音节中分别读/ei//i://ai//u//ju:/(即读字母名称,但y读/ai/)。如:a,face,make,age;he,mete,see,eve;I,hi,by,bye,time,type;go,home,stone,toe;cube,tube,use.但字母u在字母j,l,r后,读/u:/,不读/ju:/,如June,blue,rule.3.r音节指以字母r或‘r+辅音字母’结尾的音节。在r音节中:ar读/ɑ:/,or读/:/,er,ir,yr,ur都读/:/。如:arm,far,start,large,Marx;or,for,cord,order;verb,her,serve;sir,first,dirty,circle,myrtle;hurt,nurse,return,murmur.注1.双r前的音节,是闭音节,不是r音节。如:carry,marry,berry,mirror,sorry,hurry.注2.在/w/音后,ar读/:/,如war,warm,warn;or读/:/,如word,work,world,worse.4.re音节指元音字母与re结合而成的音节。在re音节中:are读/e/,ere读/i/,ire,yre读/ai/,ore读/:/,ure读/ju/。如:care,dare,rare,hare,prepare;here,mere,severe;fire,wire,tire,entire,tyre;more,fore,core,before;cure,pure,endure四、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音规则1.a,o,u读//,如China,second,difficult.2.e,i,y读/i/,如result,victim,happy.3.ar,er,ir,or,ur,yr读//,如grammar,letter,circumference,doctor,murmur,martyr,persist,western,eastern.4.o,u处于词末时分别读/u/,/ju:/(即不弱化,按重读音节规则读)。如cargo,Negro;menu.5.u在多音节词中,紧邻重读音节时,读/ju/(即轻度弱化)。如regular,popular,monument.6.a,i,y,u在多音节动词中,处于约定开音节结尾中,按重读音节读。如isolate,advertise,analyse,substitute.7.y在多音节动词词末不弱化,读/ai/。如:satisfy,maltiply,occupy五、元音字母组合的读音规则1.au,aw读/:/,如cause,aural,launch,sauce,law,dawn.2.eu,ew(iew)读/ju:/,如neutral,deuce;new,view,review.3.ou,ow读/au/,如house,loud;how,now,down.4.ai,ay读/ei/,如wait,aid;day,may.5.ei,ey读/ei/,如veil,weight;grey,they,convey6.oi,oy读/i/,如choice,oil;boy,toy.7.ea,ee读/i:/,如eat,cheap;deep,need.8.ie,(c)ei读/i:/,如field,believe;receive,ceiling.9.oa读/u/,如road,soap,boat.10.ue读/ju:/,如Tues’day,value,pursue.11.air,aer读/e/,如air,fair;aerial,aeroplane.12.ear,eer读/i/如ear,clear;beer,deer.13.our读/au/如our,sour,hour.14.oo1.读/u/:在字母k前(book,look,took)和在good,foot,stood,wood,wool及其派生词(goodness,football,woolen等)中读/u/。2.读/u:/:在其余情况下读/u:/,如:cool,food,loose,room,zoo.3.读//:在flood,blood及其派生词(flooding,bloodless等)中读//.15.igh读/ai/,如high,light,might,night.16.augh,ough读/:/,如daughter,caught,taught;ought,fought,thought。17.oul在could,should,would中读/u/。六、几个非重读后缀或字母组合的读音规则1.a在后缀-ace,-ade,-age,-ate中读/i/,如palace,
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