高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题技巧例

高考英语-短文改错-主旨大意题

阅读理解中非常重要的一个技巧就是在阅读中迅速地抓住文章或段落的主旨大意，也就是中心思想。

研读高考真题，我们会总结出，对于文章或段落的主旨概括设问的形式一般是：

1.Themainideaofthepassage(text)is________.

2.Thetext(passage)ismainlyabout________.

3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss(dealwith)?

4.Whichofthefollowingsentencesbestexpressesthemainidea?

5.Themainpointofthepassageis________.

6.Thebestheadlineforthisnewspaperarticlewouldbe________.

7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitletobegiventothearticle?

8.Whatisthetopicofthetext?

9.Themainpurposeofthestoryistotellus________.

10.Theconclusionwecangetfromthestoryis________.

1.主题句在篇(段)首的结构

这种结构通常用演绎法撰写，遵循从一般到个别(特殊)的步骤，即先概述，然后用细节加以说明。

JaneClark，fair-haired，blue-eyedandtoughassteel，hasjustwonthemostdifficultraceintheworld.Inseventeendaysshedroveadogteamandsledge(雪橇)across1，milesoftheArcticCircleandthroughsomeofthemostdifficultlandintheworld.Inbitter(刺骨的)windsandsnowstormsshedroveherdogsalongtheArctictrack,intemperaturesthatreached—38℃.WhenJanewasaskedhowshefeltaboutbeingthefirstwomanevertowintherace，shesaid，“Istillcan’tbelieveit.”Shethenwentovertoinspectherthirteenwild-eyeddogs.DavidWilson，whocamesecond，said，“Itsurehurtswhenayoungwomanisaheadofyou.Butitdoesn’thurtforlong.Shewasagoodwinner.”

Whichofthefollowingbestgivesthemainideaofthisnewspaperarticle?

A.Womanwinstheworld’stoughestrace!

B.Womanfightsbitterwindsandsnowstorms!

C.Womanwinsasledgeraceintheworld!

D.WomandrivesadogteamacrosstheArctic!

2.主题句在末尾的结构

尾句是主题句的结构通常是用归纳法撰写的，其步骤是先表述细节或交代论据，最后做出概括性的结论，以总结性的句子收尾。这种写作方法的特点是从个别到一般，由特殊性到共性。

OnthenightofthepartyMerlinrolledintotheroomplayinghisviolin.Everyonewasastonishedtoseehim.Therewasjustoneproblem.Merlinhadnowaytostophisrollerskates.Herolledonandon.Suddenly，heranintoahugemirrorthatwashangingonthewall.Downfellthemirror，breakingintopieces.NobodyforgotMerlin’sgrandentranceforalongtime!

Whatisthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthelastparagraph?

A.Therollerskatesneededfurtherimprovement.

B.ThepartygueststookMerlinforafool.

C.Merlinsucceededbeyondexpectation.

D.Merlingothimselfintotrouble.

3.主题句在中间的结构

这类结构包括三个层次：引题——主题思想——解释或继续给予例证。

从它的写作程序来看，也可分为三部曲：归纳——结论——演绎，即给出一两个例证之后，做出概括性的总结，然后再给予例证来证实其论点。请看下例：

Whenyouthrowaballupintotheairasfastasyoucan，theballreachesapointwhereitseemstopauseforamoment，andthenit 　　 　　B.FarmerLosesArm

C.DangerousBitesD.SnakeDoctor

Isuddenlyheardanelephantcryingasthoughfrightened.Lookingdown，Iimmediatelyrecognizedthatsomethingwaswrong，andrandowntotheedgeofthenearbank.ThereIsawMaShwewithherthree-month-oldcalfstrugglinginthefast-risingwater，anditwasalife-and-deathstruggle.Hercalfwasfloatingandscreamingwithfear.MaShwewasasneartothefarbankasshecouldget，holdingherwholebodyagainsttherushingwater，andkeepingthecalfpressedagainstherhugebody.Everynowandthentherushingwaterwouldsweepthecalfaway.

Justatthismoment，shefellbackintotheriver.Ifshewerecarrieddown，itwouldbecertaindeath.Iknew，aswellasshedid，thattherewasonespot(地点)whereshecouldgetupthebank，butitwasontheothersidefromwhereshehadputhercalf.

WhileIwaswonderingwhatIcoulddonext，Iheardthesoundofamother’slove.MaShwehadcrossedtheriverandgotupthebankandwasmakingherwaybackasfastasshecould，roaring(吼叫)allthetime，buttohercalfitwasmusic.

Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AMother’sLove

B.ABraveAct

C.ADeadlyRiver

D.AMatterofLifeandDeath

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